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Water
is a finite; limited and vastly depleting resource as far as
quantitative as well as qualitative characteristics are concerned. There
is only one source of freshwater, and that is precipitation, which
ultimately recharges the groundwater. In the region like
central India, we are bestowed with ensured rainfall of at least
1000 mm / annum. However, most of the rainfall reaching the surface
of the earth quickly turns into surface-runoff and thus recharging
is minimal. On the other hand uncontrolled groundwater extraction is
a common phenomenon of recent years. This ground water overdraft has
resulted in serious water level depletion all over the country. This
is even more serious in urban areas where most of the recharging
areas are now converted into concrete buildings or paved areas and
hence it has become very difficult to augment the water bearing
formations (i.e. aquifers) below the ground by regular recharging
mechanism. The water requirements of many major, medium and small
industries are met either from the surface water reserves or from
the groundwater resource. The industrial requirement being high as
compared to the natural recharging pattern, an imbalance is observed
in the surrounding regions of industrial operations. On the other
hand, the naturally occurring rainwater falling on the premises of
industrial unit is disposed off systematically. If this water is
collected, stored and /or recharged the enormous stress on the
depleted ground water and surface water reserves can be released on
an optimum sustainable basis.
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